Plus, telomeres are specifically designed to prevent chromosomal fusion, and this is why a telomere-telomere fusion never has been observed in nature! In 2011, Dr. Tompkins compared 40,000 chimp DNA sequences (after removing them from the human-genome scaffold bias) that were about 740 bases long and already known to be highly similar to human. [xiii] S. Kakuo, K. Asaoka, and T. Ide, “Human is a unique species among primates in terms of telomere length.” Biochemistry Biophysics Research Communication, 263 (1999): 308–314. ! Even these high similarity areas actually have only about 86% of matching sequences overall when the algorithm used to analyze them is set to produce a very long sequence match.[xxxi]. They again assembled all these genomes using the human genome as a framework! After all, design constraints require an engineer to use many of the same raw materials and building plans to produce different types of biological machines—especially if those machines need to interact with the same building blocks for growth and life. Thus, common function, not common ancestry, gives the reason for their similar (and quite useful) sequence. If chimp DNA is so dissimilar to human, and the computer software stops matching after only a few hundred bases, how can we find the actual similarity of the human and chimp genomes? Plus, these bases look only 70% similar to the expected. When you both see that it equals about a 6% difference, then just ask, “How can the two be only 1% different if their total lengths are already 6% different?”. Figure 1. 1-844-7-GENESIS (844-743-6374) staff@genesisapologetics.com. The magic act isn’t working any longer, and more and more open-minded scientists are beginning to realize it. Humans have forty-six chromosomes, while chimps have forty-eight. "The remarkable thing is that despite being very far apart in evolutionary time, we can still find a common signature in the genome of a … The DNA sequence that can be directly compared between the two genomes is almost 99 percent identical. The assumption of evolution in constructing the chimp genome in this way would make it look more like the human genome than it really is. We are a 501(c)(3) non-profit company (tax-exempt status approved), so your contributions to our ministry are welcome! Evolutionists originally claimed that the beta-globin gene was broken because it did not produce a protein. The beta-globin pseudogene exemplifies this.   If you could type 60 words per minute, eight hours a day, it would take approximately 50 years to type the human genome. Of course, believers in an omnipotent Creator know that each different genome, such as that for humans and that of chimpanzees, was separately, uniquely, and masterfully engineered at the beginning of creation. Why does Science perpetuate the myth in 2012? Avoid using “you.” We don’t want to accuse anybody, just lead them to convince themselves that their own ideas have problems. Researchers believe the three of us separated on the evolutional path between 4 and 7 million years ago. This family includes orangutans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and bonobos. Many comparisons have involved only the protein-coding genes (only 1.2% of the DNA, and many protein-coding genes that are shared are indeed quite similar8), with the assumption that the rest of the DNA is ‘not important’ or even ‘junk’. As noted, cells actually use many so-called “pseudogenes.” They produce important noncoding RNAs discussed previously. Thanks for your encouragement; we appreciate it! [xxxviii] This phenomenon, called “pervasive transcription,” was discovered in an offshoot of the human genome project called ENCODE, which stands for ENCyclopedia of DNA Elements.[xxxix]. Gibbons, A., Bonobos join chimps as closest human relatives. These are commonly called “jumping genes,” and they can cut themselves out of one location in the genome and splice themselves into another location. One day a co-worker came to me and informed me that chimp/human story was proof of evolution, which he believed. A Fibonacci spiral approximates the golden spiral using quarter-circle arcs inscribed in squares of integer Fibonacci-number side, shown for square sizes 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34 etc. I love that last line, Don ... "All creatures were created with intelligence suited to their needs. Humans can build space shuttles and write songs. [iii] This has been a primary foundation for the mistreatment of humans worldwide by genocidal political leaders and governments over the past 150 or so years. With cats, of course the common ancestor is going to look somewhat like the cats, have similar functions to the cats, so I’m not sure how the argument really applies to bats and dolphins based upon the actual standards of what a common ancestor can or cannot be. The common default setting used by most evolutionary researchers kicks out anything less than 95% to 98% in similarity. This fits the Biblical creation account that God created humans as spiritual beings with an everlasting spirit or soul (Genesis 2:7). Science is considered one of the top two science journals in the world (the other is Nature from the UK). These describe supposedly damaged remnants of formerly useful protein-coding genes. Humans and gorillas have a lot more in common than appearances suggest, a study has shown. 98%? The way it's presented at school, Uni, medical & other textbooks & the media is it any wonder? Top Answer. Of all known animals, the great apes are most like humans, so we would expect that their DNA would be most like human DNA.[xxxiii]. They came up with estimates of 70 to 80% DNA sequence similarity.[xxiv]. These unmatched sections consequently are not included in the final results, raising significantly the overall similarity between human and chimp DNA. When the DNA sequences were concatenated to a single long sequence, the generated neighbor-joining tree supported the Homo-Pan clade with 100% bootstrap (that is that humans and chimpanzees are the closest related species of the four). What of the 97% (or 98% or 99%!) Wiki User Answered . The DNA codes for a dizzying array of RNA molecules. Geneticists have refuted the claim. Other RNAs exit the nucleus to help regulate with the quality and speed of production, or the final shape and placement of other RNAs or proteins. As CMI says any superficial similarities point to a common designer, not a common mythological ancestor. When researchers first made this estimate in the early 1990’s, nobody knew what the other 95% of the genome did. [xlvii] J. Tomkins, “The Human Beta-Globin Pseudogene Is Non-Variable and Functional,” Answers Research Journal 6 (2013): 293–301. Copyright © 2014 Genesis Apologetics, Inc. All rights reserved. The great apes actually contain two more (diploid) chromosomes than humans. Ignore the negative sign (take the absolute value). [xvi] J. Bergman & J. Tomkins, “Is the Human Genome Nearly Identical to Chimpanzee? Although textbooks still contain the 98% DNA similarity claim, many scientists in the human-chimp research community now recognize the 96% to 98% similarity was derived from isolated areas and biased assemblies. It could turn the world’s petroleum into phones, leaving none to make dash board, refrigerators, or medicines. Some RNAs remain in the cell nucleus with the DNA to regulate newborn RNA sequences. Even if chimps and humans were as close as Evolutionists claim, the big difference would be that chimps have a body and a soul, (personality comprising mind, emotions and will) snd the human also has a spirit, which is the capacity to worship. [l] Orphan genes appear suddenly in the pattern of life as unique sections of genetic code with no hint of evolutionary history. [xi] Then, describing the concepts of genes and gene similarity will reveal much insight into human and chimp DNA dissimilarity.   You share 98.7% of your DNA in common with chimpanzees and bonobos. The 1975 figure came from crude comparisons of very limited stretches of human and chimp DNA that had been pre-selected for similarity. The living populations of the chimp kind include four species that can interbreed. Print. However, while the 98% similarity is crumbling, geneticists rarely make public statements about overall estimates because they know it would debunk human evolution. When it comes to insects' DNA , humans have a bit less in common. This myth of 1% is making monkeys out of evolutionists-pardon the pun-but it should be obvious we are nothing like apes. The beta-globin sequence fits right in the middle of a cluster of five other genes. The tendency has been to ignore them and only compare the similar genes. While some parts of the human and chimpanzee genomes are very similar—those that the evolutionists focus on—the genomes overall are vastly different, and the hard scientific evidence now proves it. [v] Does this issue matter? This actually looks like a broken gene. Can you help me explain how mutations could accomplish that?”, You can also add, “Several thousand genes unique to humans are completely missing in chimps, and scientists have found many genes that are unique to chimps are missing in humans.” Then ask, “How can evolutionary processes explain these massive differences?” Take care to ask open-ended and genuine questions. Because this is a phrase that we often hear that humans, we share 99% or 99.9% of our genes with each other. Point 3 – The Chromosome Fusion claim is false for four reasons. Lun, Z. R, “Pseudogenes are not Pseudo Any More,” RNA Biology 9 (2012): 27–32. To put this number into perspective, a typical 8½ x 11-inch page of text has about 4,000 letters and spaces. Vaughn & M. T. McManus, “Pervasive Transcription of the Human Genome Produces Thousands of Previously Unidentified Long Intergenic Noncoding RNAs,” PLoS genetics 9 (2013). Humans don't just share a high percentage of DNA with bananas – we also share 85 percent DNA with a mouse and 61 percent with a fruit fly. Chaos either way. Despite the early, crude indications of apparently high DNA similarity between humans and chimps, precise DNA sequences began to present a very different picture. They assumed that many human-like sequences were missing from the chimp DNA, so they added them electronically. This concept is easier to explain to computer programmers and engineers than biologists who are steeped in the evolutionary worldview. 17:1675–1689 (www.eupedia.com/forum/threads/25335-Percentage-of-genetic-similarity-between-humans-and-animals). [xiii] The human Y chromosome almost completely misaligns with chimpanzees. However, broken GULO pseudogenes are also found in mice, rats, bats, birds, pigs, and famously, guinea pigs. Of the great apes, humans share 98.8 percent of their DNA with bonobos and chimpanzees. In other words, they show no capacity for knowing their creator through worship or prayer. Equipping youth pastors, parents, and students with Biblical answers for evolutionary teaching in public schools. “Landscape of Transcription in Human Cells,” Nature 489 (2012): 101–108. New York. means that they share origins. Overall, the chimp genome was only about 70%[xxx] similar to human. Thirdly, they do not display spiritual or religious practices as humans do. Losing those could spell disaster for the organism. In comparison, we share 60% genetic material with hens. [viii] Many attempts have been made and all have failed. At last, however, one can sit down with two scrolls of computer printout, march through the two genomes, and see exactly where our 2 percent difference lies. The human-chimp DNA similarity “research” works almost the same way. One of the main problems with comparing DNA segments between different organisms that contain regions of strong dissimilarity is that the computer program commonly used (called BLASTN) stops matching DNA when it hits regions that are markedly different. That would derail commerce worldwide. A large 2013 research project sequenced the genomes of chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans to determine their genetic variation. The cell exports special RNAs called lncRNAs outside of the cell. Genomic monkey business—estimates of nearly identical human-chimp DNA similarity re-evaluated using omitted data. This supposedly explains why both of them have the same supposedly broken genes, called pseudogenes. Portions of two small ape chromosomes look somewhat similar to human chromosome 2 when observed under a microscope after special staining. et al. We have sent you an email that will allow you to update your details. [xlix] Perhaps our early ancestors had a working GULO gene that could manufacture vitamin C. Today, low vitamin C in our diets causes an illness called scurvy. Weird. "The remarkable thing is that despite being very far apart in evolutionary time, we can still find a common signature in the genome of a common ancestor," Brody says. At other times, they talk about certain DNA sequences being 98 to 99% similar. Evolutionary scientists disregard this to maintain a consensus that chimpanzees are closest to humans on the hypothetical evolutionary tree. In understanding the implications of these data, we are not dealing with hard science that can be shown by experiments; everyone is deriving a meaning based on a personal worldview. They instead reveal how sensible is the idea that God created human chromosome 2. In the case of GULO, the transposable element patterns between humans and each of the ape kinds that were evaluated show differences. It ignores the many differences in the already dissimilar regions.” You can then clarify this response by noting that “2018 research has shown that, overall, the entire genome is no more than 85% similar on average when you include all the DNA that researchers decoupled from the human genome in 2018. This significantly changed the results, which showed that the actual DNA similarities for the analyzed regions varied between about 66% to 86%. [xxxvii] These estimates suffer from the same problems that humans-chimp comparisons do, but they illustrate the patterns of similarity that one would expect from a single divine designer. When you talk about humans sharing DNA with each other and with other animals, you're ba… The Genesis Academy: A 12-part teaching series on Genesis 1–11, The Bible declares: In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. Tomkins, J., Comprehensive analysis of chimpanzee and human chromosomes reveals average DNA similarity of 70%. 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