The events in 1 Samuel chapter 21 probably happened on the day when David left Jonathan (20:35-42). Why the latter Abimelech is called such in the header of Psalm 34 and not Achish, as we know him in the actual story, has been theorized about. Hushai deceives Absalom (2 Samuel 16:15-19). Na passagem paralela, o nome dado como Ahimelech; a maioria das autoridades considera isso a leitura mais correta. 2 Sa. Of course, the later part of that passage - "and in thee shall all families of the . And a king of the Philistine city Gath (Psalm 34:1), better known as Achish (1 Samuel 21:10). 123. Therefore, it is possible that both men shared each others names. 1 Samuel 21:12 (LEB): Now David came to Nob, to Ahimelech the priest. It is gratuitous to assume that there were other similar sanctuaries in Israel, though the proposition that there were none might be, like other negative propositions, hard to establish by positive proof. The priest gave him the holy bread, for there was no bread there but the bread of the Presence, which is removed from before the Lord, to be replaced by hot bread on the day it is taken away (v. 6). . Is Abiathar the high priest, or is Ahimelech the high priest? One must accept Ahimelech the son of Abiathar as historical unless, indeed, one regards the testimony of Ch to a fact as evidence in disproof of that fact. How might this be Yeshuas testimony as well as Davids in verses 15 to 22? Absalom deceives when he begins his conspiracy to become king (2 Samuel 15:7). @ added my thoughts on Ahimelech. This verse is referenced by Jesus in Mark 2:26, where Jesus says "Abiathar the high priest". They were Ephraimites from Bethlehem in Judah. David and Ahimelech and Achish. After the troubles at Shiloh (1 Samuel chapter 4), the priests left that town. [1] He descended from Aaron's son Ithamar and the High Priest of Israel Eli. Abraham approached Abimelech because of his servant's attacks and the loss of his well. Pronunciation of abimelech with 3 audio pronunciations, 2 meanings, 8 translations, 5 sentences and more for abimelech. The LXX is most selective on how Ahimelech, "My brother is king" is used. Who is Abimelech and Abraham? Biblical Hermeneutics Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for professors, theologians, and those interested in exegetical analysis of biblical texts. The author goes moves from the specific to the general. In both stories he also has a senior commander of his forces called Phicol. Why did Jesus call Peter Satan in Matthew 16:23? They essentially made peace but possibly under duress. There was very little food to eat. The Torah does not promise immunity to the righteous; just the contrary, just because they love ADONAI they are liable to be victimized by the unscrupulous. 53 a woman dropped an upper millstone on his head and cracked his skull. Then Abraham prayed to God, and God healed Abimelech, and also healed his wife and female slaves so that they bore children. How David Fled To Ahimelech And Afterwards To The Kings Of The Philistines And Of The Moabites, And How Saul Slew Ahimelech And His Family. ; "[the divine] brother is king" or "the Melech [deity] is my brother"), name of three biblical figures. David lied to Ahimelech about his reason for coming to him, for Saul had most certainly not sent him out on a special mission (v. 2). The purpose is to protect an innocent person. Uzziah is the father of Jotham in Matt. David asked Ahimelech, "Don't you have a spear or a sword here? I did not find any evidence of a copyist error. The father of Zadok, who was made high priest by Saul after the extermination . Thank you for your interest in supporting CARM. O rei de Gate, mais conhecido como Acish . The scale on which it existed is indicated by the fact that 85 robed priests perished in the massacre (1 Samuel 22:18).They had families residing at Nob (1 Samuel 22:19). This is rather plausible in the passage in 2 Samuel 8 and the duplicate of it in 1 Chronicles 18:16, but it has no application in the detailed account in 1 Chronicles 24. Also, Jothams father was known as Azariah in 2 Kings 15:7 and Uzziah in 2 Kings 15:32. 22:9-10. Lying and slander were deemed by the rabbis as especially hateful to, ; just the contrary, just because they love. Abimelech (also spelled Abimelek), one of Gideon's sons, served as a judge of Israel following the judgeship of Gideon. The Philistines also broke their agreement with Abraham and Isaac by joining forces with the nations that consulted against the children of Israel in Psalm 83 (see verse 7). Using indicator constraint with two variables. In response, Abraham seeks to justify his actions, with an elaborate series of . They were thought of as priests of Yahweh, and were held in reverence (1 Samuel 22:17). What can we learn from the story of the Levite and his concubine. by Matt Slick | Nov 21, 2019 | Bible Difficulties, Matthew - Mark, The Bible. 1 Samuel 22:20-22. B. [The righteous] cried out, and ADONAI heard, and He saved them from all their troubles. We are doing that today in the history, prophecy, and principles series. It doesnt matter how sour or good things are, keep to your agreements because the ALMIGHTY will for sure! 22 And it came to pass at that time, that Abimelech and Phichol the chief captain of his host spake unto Abraham, saying, God is with thee in all that thou doest: 23 Now therefore swear unto me here by God that thou wilt not deal falsely with me, nor with my son, nor with my sons son: but according to the kindness that I have done unto thee, thou shalt do unto me, and to the land wherein thou hast sojourned. Since Jesus mentions Abiathar as the high priest in Mark 2:26, but Ahimelech is mentioned as the priest in 1 Samuel 21:1, it is possible that they were different priests. In 1Sam 21:2, MT says "Ahimelech, the priest", and LXX and DSS just say "the priest". Thats not honoring the agreement! Of David. David at Nob with Ahimelech (1 Samuel 21:1-9) 2. Young lions can be needy, they can go hungry, but those who see ADONAI lack nothing good. Answer (1 of 6): The monarch, described as "Achish the king of Gath", with whom David sought refuge when he fled from Saul, is called Abimelech (meaning "father of the king") in the superscription of Psalm 34. Achish, king of Gath, in the title of Psalm 34. King James Bible Online . In what way is this psalm also your testimony (Romans 8:1)? 21:1. (1 Samuel 30:7) [NETS]. Sometimes some of the histories in the Bible escape some, Need to Know the Names of the 12 Tribes of, In this chapter, our species took a detour that has, Sign Up to Learn the History Prophecy and Principles of, Chapter 2 of Genesis begins with the report of the, In Matthew chapter 2 summary, we will meet some wise, Studies to Help and Make You a Bible Study Leader, Can you say New Testament chapter summaries? When Abimelech (the Philistine king in the stories of Abraham and Isaac) could be substituted in the title of Ps. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Bread is an important symbol of life in Scripture (John 6:35), so it is not surprising to see the bread of the Presence, which was put before the life-giving Creator, reappear in several significant places in the Bible. However, the decision to make an exception to the rule can be justified if the translator understood Abimelech as Achish (1 Samuel 21:10-15), the Philistine king who would not meet the criteria of a brother. Of the books relevant to our discussion about Abiathar and Ahimelech as priests, the term high priest does not occur in 1 Samuel, 2 Samuel, 1 Kings, or 1 Chronicles. 24:59.. "I will bless them that bless thee, and curse him that curseth thee" (Genesis 12:3). Jonathan had told David that Saul was plotting to kill him. Abimelech pretended not to have known of the occurrences. See us on social mediaFacebookorTwitter. Required fields are marked *. Numbers Chapter 1 the Children of Israel Numbered, The Turning of Things Upside Down Introduction, A Careful Review of Abrams journey from Egypt to Land of Canaan, The Fifth Vial Poured Out continued from Revelation 16, The Fifth Vial Pour Out | Matthew 24 and 6th Seal, The Sixth Seal Connected to Matthew 24 Series, Argentina Won the World Cup Now What? (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), 1 Samuel 22:11Then the king sent to call Ahimelech the priest, the son of Ahitub, and all his father's house, the priests who were in Nob: and they came all of them to the king. London: Samuel Bagster and Sons, n.d. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), 1 Samuel 22:16The king said, "You shall surely die, Ahimelech, you, and all your father's house. Whether there was a priesthood, with Ahitub the grandson of Eli as high priest, is a matter on which we have no information; but we may remind ourselves that the common assumption that such men as Samuel and Saul performed priestly offices is nothing but an assumption. A distraction was made between the common and the holy (1 Samuel 21:4-6). In the parallel passage, the name is given as Ahimelech; most authorities consider this the more correct reading. The only bread available is the stale / old shewbread this is the bread place placed before the Lord in the Tabernacle as a reminder to the people of Gods provision ~ Fresh bread was placed there every week and this bread David asks for is the old bread. Here is a comparison of the names in those books where the treatment is inconsistent: As shown, in these books there is one "translation philosophy" which if followed will explain most of the decisions on how a name is to be recorded: Behind the Greek and is the meaning of "My father is king" or "My brother is king." Ahimelech (Hebrew: mele, "my brother is king"/"brother of a king"), the son of Ahitub and father of Abiathar (1 Samuel 22:20-23), but described as the son of Abiathar in 2 Samuel 8:17 and in four places in 1 Chronicles. I. Thanksgiving for Gods Goodness and Justice: In this Psalm David called on the congregation to praise the LORD for their salvation. brother of the king, the son of Ahitub and father of Abiathar ( 1 Samuel 22:20-23).He descended from Eli in the line of Ithamar. . Apart from the king (or kings) of Gerar, the Bible also records this name for: Abimelech, son of Gideon, proclaimed king after the death of his father. DIG: Who is Abimelek? Also Boaz, whose exact ancestral connection to Elimelech is never explained, is the key figure, regardless of how Naomi's deceased husband is identified. Ahimelech (Hebrew: mele, "my brother is king"/"brother of a king"),[1] the son of Ahitub and father of Abiathar (1 Samuel 22:2023), but described as the son of Abiathar in 2 Samuel 8:17 and in four places in 1 Chronicles. In the parallel passage, 2Samuel 8:17, we have the name Ahimelech, and Abiathar, the son of Ahimelech. David may have actually pointed to someone in the audience, saying: This poor man cried; YHVH heard and saved him from all his troubles. That name is reserved for individuals who served David as sole king of Israel. 1 . 21-22). David calls attention to what God has done rather than boastfully point to his own works and accomplishments. Though Abraham, Sarah, and Abimelech did not live as old as people in Noah's generation (Noah lived to be 950, Genesis 9:29), Abraham was only separated from Noah by 10 generations (Genesis 11:10-26). What all did David get from Ahimelech the priest? In the Bible (1 Samuel chapters 21 and 22), David fled to the high priest Ahimelechs shrine at Nob, where the Tabernacle was now located. In order to figure out why Abimelech is seemingly punished to the exclusion of Abraham, you have to first go back to the first promise that the Lord made to Abraham. After Saul has been king for a good many years we find Ahijah in his retinue, acting as priest and wearing priestly vestments. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. However, a translator would also continue to know the original meaning behind each name: The misuse of these names is found in Ruth, 1 Samuel, 1 Chronicles, and Psalm 52. This is supported by the fact that Moses father-in-law is called Reuel in Ex. This Abimelech is called Ahimelech in 1 Chronicles 24:6. It appears to be the in "Dead Sea region" I guess. But Abimelech said, I dont know who did this. 20 But Abiathar, son of Ahimelech son of Ahitub, escaped and fled to join David. [If you do,] keep your tongue from evil and your lips from deceiving talk. Does the Bible Say the World Will End in 2012 or 2022? DSS says Ahimelech in 1Sa 21:8, agreeing with MT, disagreeing with LXX. In other words, both men had two names as appears to be the case in 2 Sam. The purpose is to protect Ahimelech from knowingly helping a fugitive from the king. When we learn of, Then the Angel of the LORD Put To Death a Hundred and Eighty Five Thousand Men in the Assyrian Camp, The sins of the tongue are severely denounced in Hebrew ethics. Once, when a woman made a request of [Hadrian] as he passed by on a journey, he first said to her, I havent time, but afterwards, when she cried out, Then cease being emperor, he turned around and granted her a hearing. How often we say or hear, Not now, Im busy or Im sorry, I just dont have the time. Yet, our heavenly Father, the Master and Creator of the universe, always has the time for us! This can be difficult and is fraught with peril, (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), 1 Samuel 23:6It happened, when Abiathar the son of Ahimelech fled to David to Keilah, that he came down with an ephod in his hand. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. In the LXX version of 2 Samuel 1:18, where did the bow go? The Philistines were also included in the dreaded and harsh prophecies read in Jeremiah chapter 47. Ahimelech, who was high priest at Nob in the reign of Saul (1 Samuel 22:11). Sign up today! Agreements are important, especially those made before the ALMIGHTY, but thats in the principles section. 15 Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the army; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder; 16 Zadok the son of Ahitub and Abimelech the son of Abiathar were the priests; Shavsha was the scribe; 17 Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David's sons were chief ministers at the king's side. Feel free to post your own answer or defend any of the above options. It only says priest. The term high priest occurs 78 times in the Bible, 58 in the NT, 20 in the OT. xviii. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. . David visits the tabernacle at Nob in his flight and receives help from Ahimelech the high priest. (Deuteronomy 17:15-16 ESV). ANALYSIS. 23:6, Abiathar is the son of Ahimelech. LXX was less unified than MT because the LXX Hebrew text is much older. He was summoned into Saul's presence, and accused of disloyalty for assisting David, on the information of Doeg the Edomite. Individual and Communal Experiences: David taught from his own experience. And he dwelled as an alien in Gerar. Is Ahimelech and Abimelech the same person? 25 And Abraham reproved Abimelech because of a well of water, which Abimelech's servants had violently taken away. In the first, Abimelech is called the "King of Gerar" while later he is called the "King of the Philistines in Gerar". Tod Twist, 10 Things You Should Know about the Sovereignty of God Isaac was prosperous behind the power of the ALMIGHTY and he was envied by the Philistines. We'll discuss the original Hebrew, plus the words and names Ahimelech is related to, plus the occurences of this name in the Bible. David feigns madness before Achish king of Gath (1 Samuel 21:10-15). (1Sa 30:7; 1Chr 24:3,6,31). Le. Lets take a look: Which account is correct? Copyright 2002-2023 Got Questions Ministries. they are liable to be victimized by the unscrupulous. Daughters of Promise, Truth and Integrity It may be significant that 1 Samuel 21:1 says, "Ahimelech the priest" and Mark 2:26 says, "Abiathar the high priest.". The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. At that point in his life, David was running from Saul, who was motivated to kill him out of a desire to protect his own throne (20:3031). This is deceiving an enemy in war. Ahimelech asks about the ceremonial purity of Davids men ~ if they are going to eat the holy bread ~ David lies again and swears blind that they are ritually pure. It is alleged as a difficulty that Abiathar was then living, and was high priest along with Zadok (1 Chronicles 15:11 2 Samuel 15:29; 2 Samuel 19:11; 2 Samuel 20:25 1 Kings 2:27, 35; 1 Kings 4:4, etc.). Abimelech was ason of Gideon,the King of Israel, and his concubine from Shechem. Why did Jesus call Peter Satan in Matt. compellingtruth.org/more-than-one-name.html, If you have any issues, please call the office at 385-246-1048 or email us at. See ABIATHAR. Abraham lived to be 175 (Genesis 25:7). That happened by the swearing of an oath at the well of water Abraham claimed as his (Gen. 21:23, 31). LXX was less unified than MT because the LXX Hebrew text is much older. Come, children, listen to me; I will teach you the fear of the LORD. In the parallel passage, the name is given as Ahimelech; most authorities consider this the more correct reading. Lying and slander were deemed by the rabbis as especially hateful to ADONAI. You may not put a foreigner over you, who is not your brother. xxi.1-6. What does it mean to taste ADONAI and see if He is good? 8:17 where Ahimelech is the son of Abiathar, but in 1 Sam. One possibility is that Jesus is referring to a different person since he says high priest in Mark 2:26, but it does not say high priest in 1 Sam. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Thus, in J, like in P, the conception of Isaac is miraculous. It was a . When we learn of his experience, we can take heart. How to tell which packages are held back due to phased updates, Is there a solution to add special characters from software and how to do it. They looked to Him and grew radiant; their faces will never blush for shame. Ahitub (16 Occurrences). Please explain. This can be difficult and is fraught with peril, for it can be easy to claim to follow the spirit of the Law only because we want to justify lawlessness. Davids spy network deceives Absaloms men at En Rogel (2 Samuel 17:20). Nudity of Saul and the prophets in 1 Samuel 19:20-24. Think about this, breaching a covenant, primarily this covenant has altered the relationship between the children of Israel and the Philistines for generations. And Jothams father was known as Azariah in 2 Kings 15:7 and Uzziah in 2 Kings 15:32.1ref. A. 18:16). Elsewhere he is called Ahimelech. Thank you for joining us today. Repent, Debunked Hebrews and Israel of the Bible Today Documentary, Jerry Springer says he Ruined Culture with his Daytime Talk Show. There was nothing in the letter of the Law that allowed the bread to be given to anyone else, but Ahimelech knew the Law was given to further life and that the spirit of the Law demanded that feeding the needy must be put ahead of ritual if the two ever seem to conflict (Deut. Elimelech is removed from the record just as My God [YHVH] is "removed" as king. In contrast to the positive lead of his father, Abimelech focused on his own personal gain, hurting many in the process. Therefore, it appears that both men shared each others names. i. Psalm 34 begins beautifully: I will bless the LORD at all times; His praise shall continually be in my mouth. Later, a similar act took place between Isaac and Abimelech, and Phichol, the commander of his army, when Isaac's servants had re-dug 'the well of the oath' (Gen. 26:32-33). | GotQuestions.org, How many psalms did David write? The Hebrew meaning seems to be the determining factor in choosing to use Abimelech over Ahimelech. Jesus later appealed to this incident to justify His practice of ignoring those Pharisaic traditions that put safeguarding religious ritual above helping the hungry (Mark 2:2328). When Doeg the Edomite came to Saul saying, David has come to the house of Ahimelech.> Why do you take pride in wrongdoing, lifting yourself up against the upright man all the day? 1 Samuel 21 Lesson #10 June 17, 1979. David feigns madness before Achish king of Gath (1 Samuel 21:10-15). He protects all their bones; not one of them gets broken. Some think, however, that both names belong to the same person. The first half of the Psalm alternates between personal testimony and a repeated call to join in the praise and be stimulated in newness of faith (Psalm 34:1-7). He commanded by force, murdered his opposition, and led in such a manner that even his subjects sought to overthrow him. Is LXX "Enoch pleased God" a reasonable idiomatic translation of Hebrew "Enoch walked with God"? (Psalm (33)34:1) [NETS], And Dauid said to the priest, Abiathar son of Achimelech, "Bring the ephoud." As high priest, Ahimelech would have been informed about what was happening in Saul's household, and how David was being ill-treated. While it is possible to see these as scribal or manuscript errors, if Elimelech was purposely changed, it seems prudent to consider whether all changes should be viewed in that light. He probably feared, and rightly so as we shall see, that the king would kill him if he assisted David. They stuffed the wells after the death of Abraham, however, Isaac dug them again. Has 90% of ice around Antarctica disappeared in less than a decade? Ahimelech's death was seen as a partial fulfilment of the curse on the House of Eli that none of Eli's male descendants would live to old age; the other part of the curse on the House of Eli that the priesthood would pass out of his descendants (1 Samuel 2:2736) was fulfilled when Abiathar was deposed from the office of High Priest. But in 1 Chronicles 3:12, his name is Azariah. 15:78). Is it possible to create a concave light? Ahimelech was afraid when he first saw David, and many commentators think he might have feared that the enemies of Israel would be right behind the future king, bringing destruction in their wake (v. 1b). In the parallel passage, 2Samuel 8:17, we have the name Ahimelech, and Abiathar, the son of Ahimelech. Abimelech asked Abraham, Why did you put these seven female lambs by themselves?. After Abraham had given the king sheep . Thus that man drunk with the wine of wickedness brought death on the high priest Ahimelech, [676] through a terrible act of treachery, because he had received //ambrose/works and letters of st ambrose/chapter xi having adduced examples.htm, Ahimelech's (1 Occurrence)Ahimelech's (1 Occurrence). 21:19). It was faith that enabled David to cope with the death of his sons. By faith, David wrote numerous psalms and songs to the Lord. But they have their reward in divine deliverance. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), 1 Chronicles 24:31These likewise cast lots even as their brothers the sons of Aaron in the presence of David the king, and Zadok, and Ahimelech, and the heads of the fathers' houses of the priests and of the Levites; the fathers' houses of the chief even as those of his younger brother. 2:18, yet in Exodus 3:1, it is Jethro. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Ahimelekh is also changed to Abimelekh in Psalms 51. He descended from Aaron's son Ithamar and the High Priest of Israel Eli.In 1 Chronicles 18:16 his name is Abimelech according to the . In 1 Chronicles 18:16 his name is Abimelech according to the Masoretic Text,[1] and is probably the same as Ahiah (1 Samuel 14:3, 18). /a/ahijah.htm - 21k. Int. There are a few other distinctions in these two stories. 1:2, 1:3, 2:1) and in I Samuel (21:1, 21:6, 21:8, 22:9), the LXX (in all printed critical versions, although some manuscripts correct this, see here for details) as well as Josephus, Antiquities 5:9:1 and 6:12:1 (who may have relied on the LXX, but that is a separate question) replace other similar Hebrew names with Abimelekh. My soul shall make its boast in the LORD; the humble shall . In 1 Samuel 21, Achish is the king's personal name. Abimelech This is a fairly common personal name in northwest Semitic literature (Ugaritic and Phoenician literature). Follow the History Principle Prophecy (HPP) Series Here!! After saving Sodom, Abraham returned the people, refused even the slightest reward, and unashamedly proclaimed his loyalty to Yahweh. Seeking the Gospel in Malachi, the Last Book of the Old Testament. Show the kindness I (Abimelech) have shown you while youve lived in the land. By not following the rule, the translation is faithful to the Hebrew text. Boaz assumes the role of Mahlon's brother in the key event in David's ancestry. The Greek Septuagint, Latin Vulgate, Syriac Peshitta, and 12 Hebrew manuscripts read "Ahimelech," which is in agreement with 2 Samuel 8 . Why doesnt the LORD intervene? Its always a pleasure to have you as we talk about the LORD the King, His Kingdomon theEarth, and HisRoyalFamily.