what is chromosome and its function

Properties of Chromosomes. Each species has its own characteristic number of chromosomes. They also don't have any genetic information. In plant and animal cells, it is found within the nucleus. Special Types. In most organisms, one chromosome is inherited from the mother and the other is inherited from the father; to ensure that offspring carry traits from both parents. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Like many species of animals and plants, humans are diploid (2n), meaning that most of their chromosomes come in matched sets known as homologous pairs. A karyotype, like this karyotype of a human, can teach us several things about chromosomes. They are made of one DNA molecule and protein. For starters, notice that there are two copies of each chromosome. Meaning of Chromosomes: Chromosomes are the most important constituents of the nucleus and were first observed by Holfmeister (1848) in pollen mother cell of Tradescantia and called it nuclear filaments. The short arm of the chromosome is labeled the “p arm.” The long arm of the chromosome is labeled the “q arm.” The location of the centromere on each chromosome gives the chromosome its characteristic shape, and can … Chromosomes. Humans, for instance, have 46 chromosomes in a typical body cell, while dogs have 78. Chromosome Structure and Function A chromosome is a structure that almost looks like thread. Autosome; Sex chromosomes. Chromosomes are located within the nucleus of our cells.They are paired … Karyotypes are pictures of chromosomes. Functions 6. The chromosomes are classified into different types based on shape and position of the centromere. They prevent one chromosome from binding to another (DNA is sticky). There are two basic types based on function as. Telomeres function to protect the ends of chromosomes. Condensed chromatin fibers form chromosomes. According to the position of centromere, Types of chromosomes based on function. They contain all hereditary information to determine a person's traits, ranging from hair color to height. Chromosomes are essential for the process of cell division, replication, division, and creation of daughter cells. Scientists have given this name chromosomes as they are stained using specific dyes, chroma means colour and soma means body. A chromosome is a long, stringy aggregate of genes that carries heredity information and is formed from condensed chromatin.Chromatin is composed of DNA and proteins that are tightly packed together to form chromatin fibers. It's crucial that certain cells, like reproductive cells, have the correct number of chromosomes in order to function properly. Chromosomes are filamentous bodies which are typically present in the nucleus and become visible during cell division. Halocentric chromosome: In these chromosomes, the entire length of acts as centromere. 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